Friday, October 30, 2009

Hedge Funds for Good

Interesting article from the Stanford Social Innovation Review relating to
some of the material discussed yesterday in class. Could this be an
innovative channel for HNWIs/UHNWIs to make in impact in development?

http://www.ssireview.org/articles/entry/hedge_funds_for_good/


Hedge Funds for Good

By Suzie Boss

Looking for the silver lining in the current financial mess takes a special
breed of optimist. Combine that with a quest to redefine the hedge fund as a
force for good and you can start to sound downright quixotic. Ghanaians can
easily find out if the drug they bought is legitimate by texting a
scratch-off code and receiving instant authentication.

Yet that¹s what the founders of New York-based Uhuru Capital Management have
set out to do. The firm will manage a conventional fund of hedge funds, but
with an attention to social values. What¹s more, general partners will
direct 25 percent of their profits to help social entrepreneurs scale up
efforts in developing markets.

The founders bring solid credentials for both making money and doing good.
Peter Kellner, a successful private equity investor, is a protégé of Ashoka
founder Bill Drayton and cofounder of Endeavor, a nonprofit that supports
high-impact entrepreneurs in emerging markets. And Neal Goldman launched
Capital IQ, a financial research firm that was later sold to Standard &
Poor¹s.

The opportunity to put sustainable investing ideas into practice is what
attracted Jed Emerson, Uhuru¹s managing director of integrated performance.
After years of talking up blended value theory on the conference circuit, he
says, ³what we really need are more and deeper examples of practice.²

Will wealthy individuals and families warm to Uhuru¹s approach? Justin
Rockefeller (the youngest son of U.S. Sen. John D. ³Jay² Rockefeller IV) is
one who showed early support, providing start-up capital and family name
recognition.

Uhuru isn¹t sharing financial projections, but no one expects the firm to
grow to the size of the multibillion-dollar hedge funds. ³That level would
not be success for us,² Emerson admits. ³We¹re trying to maximize value. We
don¹t believe we would be able to manage funds as effectively,² he says, if
they mushroomed into the billions.

Uhuru¹s timing and smaller is better approach may work in its favor. The
firm starts at ³the current reset point,² Emerson points out, with no need
to recover losses, a problem plaguing many other hedge funds.

³It¹s pretty clear we¹re at an inflection point in the financial system,²
says Tim Freundlich, a partner at Good Capital and senior vice president at
the Calvert Foundation. ³Everyone¹s wondering, how do we come out of this on
stronger footing? The commitment up front to sustainability and social
responsibility< that¹s what they¹re leading with [at Uhuru]. In the hedge
fund world? There¹s been very little of that.²

But it¹s on the back end where Uhuru<Swahili for freedom< may really make an
impact. That¹s where a quarter of general partners¹ incentive-based
management fees will be channeled to the new Uhuru Sustainability
Foundation, dedicated to helping social entrepreneurs achieve scale in
developing markets. The foundation will keep overhead low by relying on
intermediaries such as Ashoka and Endeavor to manage the selection process.
³We become an investor in their fund management approach,² Emerson explains,
³in the same way we would if we were investing in for-profit activity.²

Once all the parts are operating, Uhuru will have in place a global network
of wealthy investors, hedge fund managers, and social entrepreneurs<groups
whose circles seldom overlap. Their shared knowledge will inform how Uhuru
makes money and does good. Predicts Freundlich, ³That could be a much bigger
conversation.²

Thursday, October 29, 2009

Are international financial institutions (IFIs) crowding out private investment in microfinance?

This highlight is drawn from a recent paper published by MicroRate which analyzes the funding patterns and roles of International Financial Institutions (IFIs) in microfinance industry development, mentioned in class by the Professor.

Enjoy

http://www.microfinancegateway.org/p/site/m/template.rc/1.26.9136/

International Housing Solutions Fund in South Africa

An example of how accessing capital markets can speed up the development issue of affordable housing:

http://www.intlhousingsolutions.com/about/Sponsor%20Information.html

International Housing Solutions successfully launched a 10-year equity fund and have raised approximately R1.8 billion from investors around the world to invest in South African residential real estate for the low and moderate income households (up to 10% of the fund may be invested in select countries in Africa). The predominance of equity investors are North American (including Canada) with DBSA and Citibank SA as local South African investors. OPIC has contributed about 38% of the fund as debt.

IHS marketed the concept to international investors on the basis that South Africa is an attractive market for housing related investments due to the rapid growth of housing demand; acute housing needs at the lower to middle end of the income spectrum; and strong evidence of economic and political stability. The demand for housing, particularly in the moderately-priced segment of the market, far outstrips supply. In the opinion of IHS, the Fund Sponsor, this greatly lowers sales risk and supports profitable returns to equity providers.


Cheryl Gladstone
Columbia Business School | MBA 2010
CGladstone10@gsb.columbia.edu

Monday, October 26, 2009

The mServices Landscape in Emerging Markets



For students interested in the development of mobile services (following the discussion during the “IC4D” lecture about “now what?”: moving from infrastructure development to application and content development), the below free virtual seminar may be of interest. Vital Wave is an interesting consulting company that spun out of HP’s emerging markets product development group.

Prof. Bugg-Levine

Friday, October 23, 2009

Behavioral economics of Capuchin monkeys!

This is a bit tangential to our course, but for those of you interested in behavioral economics (which came up in our discussion of how "loss aversion" can influence perception of value creation in the provision of basic services like water), this paper is an interesting read. Anytime you can include the phrase: "We ... introduc[e] fiat currency and trade to a colony of capuchin monkeys" you know you're having fun as an academic...

Prof. Bugg-Levine


"How Basic Are Behavioral Biases?: Evidence from Capuchin Monkey Trading Behavior"

Abstract: Behavioral economics has demonstrated systematic decision-making biases in both lab and field data. Do these biases extend across contexts, cultures, or even species? We investigate this question by introducing fiat currency and trade to a colony of capuchin monkeys and recovering their preferences over a range of goods and gambles. We show that capuchins react rationally to both price and wealth shocks but display several hallmark biases when faced with gambles, including reference dependence and loss aversion. Given our capuchins’ inexperience with money and trade, these results suggest that loss aversion extends beyond humans and may be innate rather than learned.

Here is the paper: http://www.som.yale.edu/faculty/keith.chen/papers/Final_JPE06.pdf

Thursday, October 22, 2009

BOP Q&A with the man Forbes named No. 1 Most Influential Management Guru

In this Q&A, academic C.K. Prahalad offers a five-year retrospective on his book “The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid.”

http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=2356

 

And Forbes released its list of the world’s Most Influential Management Gurus, which ranks Prahalad as No. 1.

http://www.forbes.com/2009/10/13/influential-business-thinkers-leadership-thought-leaders-chart.html

 

Nicole C. Wong

Knight-Bagehot Fellow in Business & Economics, 2009-10
Coumbia University
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Email: nwong10@gsb.columbia.edu
Twitter:  @nicolecwong
Website: www.nicolecwong.com

 

Tuesday, October 20, 2009

Microfinance Speaker Series

·         Microfinance course simulcast live from UC Berkeley – presented by Microlumbia

·         Mondays in Uris 332, 7-9 pm

·         First hour taught by Sean Foote, second hour reserved for guest speaker

·         Live interaction (via skype-chat) with the TA

 

Host:

Sean Foote

Speakers:

10/26 – Alvaro Rodriguez Arregui, Chairman, Compartamos, Managing Partner, IGNIA Partners, LLC

11/2 – Kurt Koenigsfest, CEO, BancoSol

11/9 – Kendall Mau, CFO and COO, Prisma Microfinance

11/16 – Steve Hardgrave, Senior Managing Partner, Gray Ghost Ventures

11/23 – Chris Dunford, President, Freedom From Hunger

11/30 – Maya Chorengal, Managing Director, Elevar Equity

12/7 – Tracey Pettengill Turner, Founder, MicroPlace & Premal Shah, President, Kiva.org

 

Saturday, October 17, 2009

Inspirations and Innovations: Bridging the Technology Gap

Over the course of two days, March 27 and 28, 2009, the African Economic Forum, presented as a collaboration between the African Business Club, SIPA Pan-African Network, and African Law Students Association, demonstrated a multifaceted approach to understanding the challenges the continent faces in the wake of the global economic crisis as well as the resources it can harness to provide the impetus for rapid and reliable economic and social development particularly through technology.

http://www4.gsb.columbia.edu/chazen/journal/article/733348/Inspirations+and+Innovations%3A+Bridging+the+Technology+Gap#

Customer vs. Citizen

Yesterday I attended a fascinating meeting at Rockefeller Foundation that brought innovation experts together with leaders from the Foundation to discuss potential scenarios by which technological innovation will (or will not) improve prospects for development. Much of our discussion echoed the class session on "IT4D" (highlighting the importance of innovation in the social processes and business models that can faciliate adoption and scale-up of technology use, rather than just innovation of new products).
When we discussed the provision of basic services to poor communities, one of the experts used language that captures very nicely (and better than I did in class) the unique nature of these business models: she noted that when your business is providing basic services (like water, education, healthcare, etc.) to poor people you are dealing with "citizens not customers".
This is a great way to think about what we have been saying in many of our class sessions. To provide a product to a citizen sustainably requires more than just selling a better product at a lower price. The business innovator has to understand not only the consumer's preferences, but also the way politics will intercede, the way ideas about rights will influence your brand and customer behavior, the way entrenched interests in the current system can thwart your business growth, etc.
When I said that your business training is dangerous when you look to sell basic services into this market segment, I was simply saying that everything you know about serving "customers" can blind you to the complexity of serving "citizens." Being savvy about serving customers is necessary but insufficient to succeed in this market. The trade-off to the extra challenge is extra reward: providing citizens with an improved product is also much more rewarding as the positive spillovers to society (and the gratification to the business owner and manager) can far exceed the gratification of simply making profits from consumers.

Friday, October 16, 2009

Introduction to Microfinance: A Speaker Series

Oct 26 – Dec 7, 2009; Mondays, 7 – 9 pm; Uris 332

UC Berkeley’s Haas School of Business invites you to be part of an innovative learning experience this Fall. This Speaker Series class explores why and how microfinance operations have grown to provide financial services to poor and low-income communities on a sustainable basis. Professor Sean Foote provides an excellent introduction to the field of Microfinance and brings together advice and best practices from a variety of successful practitioners around the world, creating a forum to learn about current challenges, debates, and innovations.

Featured Speakers:
-Kurt Koenigsfest – CEO, BancoSol
-Maya Chorengal – Managing Director, Elevar Equity
-Kendall Mau – CFO & COO, Prisma Microfinance
-Premal Shah – President, KIVA
-Tracey Pettingill Turner – Founder, Silicon Valley Microfinance Network and Microplace

Questions for session 7

Video on water privatization

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aTKn17uZRAE&feature=PlayList&p=397C7215C0DAA609&index=6

Thursday, October 15, 2009

Sanitation

Ashoka Honors the Work of Leading Social Entrepreneurs Addressing Water Issues Worldwide (http://www.ashoka.org/worldwater)
Restructuring the Field of Sanitation Worldwide (http://www.ashoka.org/fellow/4333)
World Toilet Organization (WTO) (http://www.worldtoilet.org/)

Enjoy!

Water privatization

Submitted by Jackson Hewett

A great article from way back when water privatization was a hot button issue "leasing the rain"
http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2002/04/08/020408fa_FACT1

Wednesday, October 14, 2009

another example of making headlines because it's high tech?

http://venturebeat.com/2009/10/14/twitter-pushes-into-the-developing-world-with-airtel-deal/?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=twitter-publisher-main&utm_campaign=twitter

Twitter pushes into the developing world with Airtel deal

October 14, 2009 | Kim-Mai Cutler | View commentsComments |

4-indian-mobile-phoneWith a service that was designed to work with older SMS technology, Twitter's microblogging network is an ideal match for developing markets like India.

So it makes sense that the company, which is just fresh off launching a translation program, is hungry to break into countries where the only web connection a user may ever know is through their phone.

Twitter just closed a deal with India's largest mobile operator, Bharti Airtel, to let people send tweets at standard rates and receive them for free. Bharti says it connects more than 110 million people.

"Bharti Airtel is offering people in every city, every village, every remote taluk and even the smallest panchayat the opportunity to connect to Twitter and enjoy the open exchange of information with no added fees," wrote co-founder Biz Stone in a blog post.

There are a lot of fascinating projects that already harness SMS technology to create real value in the developing world from services that update local producers on commodity prices to ones that help deliver health care. And if Twitter can execute a successful strategy in places that are more reliant on cellphones, it could become the backbone for a number of e-commerce opportunities or a mobile payments network. They've already made the sign-up process super simple — it doesn't require Internet access, just a text message to the company's shortcode at '53000′ on an Airtel phone.

Stone certainly has lofty ambitions for the project: "There are over one billion people with internet access on the planet but there are more than four billion people with mobile phones and Twitter can work on all of them…"

 

Nicole C. Wong

Knight-Bagehot Fellow in Business & Economics, 2009-10
Coumbia University
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Email: nwong10@gsb.columbia.edu
Twitter:  @nicolecwong
Website: www.nicolecwong.com

 

Monday, October 12, 2009

Gates Foundation Competition

As anticipated in class, the Gates Foundation approached SEC with a competition focused on providing financial instruments for emerging markets. Thehe timeline is very short: the applications are due November 15th.

Guidelines and more information are available on the website.
www.fininnov.org

Questions for session 6

Sunday, October 11, 2009

Pension funds turn to the low-risk area of microfinance (Financial Times, Friday, October 9, 2009)

Pension funds turn to the low-risk area of microfinance

By Kate Burgess

 

Published: October 9 2009 03:00 | Last updated: October 9 2009 03:00

 

Microfinance, where financial institutions back start-ups and would-be entrepreneurs in the poorest parts of the world, is little more than a gleam in the eye of most of the biggest banks.

 

But it is one area of subprime lending that still has a reputation for being relatively low risk in spite of the financial crisis, and it is attracting new investment.

 

Some of the biggest pension funds have increased their investments in microfinance this year and expect to raise it further in the near future.

 

Analysts estimate that the microfinance industry has lent anywhere between $25bn and $60bn compared with, say, Royal Bank of Scotland, which alone has assets of $3,500bn.

 

Pension funds have so far invested about $3bn, according to a report by the World Microfinance Forum in Geneva. But investment is rising. The latest fund to lift its commitment is PGGM, manager of the €70bn ($103bn) Dutch healthcare industry pension fund, which is committing €200m to microfinance, making it one of the largest allocations to the sector.

 

ABP, one of Europe's biggest pension funds with €180bn in assets, has invested $180m in microfinance and says it has raised its commitment by $40m this year. It expects this commitment to rise again in the next few years.

 

The draw for retirement schemes is that microfinance has paid out returns as high as 20 per cent a year while fulfilling an aim to lift households out of poverty.

 

Alex van der Velden, PGGM's head of responsible equity strategies, says the MFIs of today will be the emerging market banks of tomorrow. Microfinance started nearly 40 years ago when Muhammad Yunus lent $27 to a group of women in Bangladesh making furniture. Banks had been loath to fund such tiny operations, fearing risk.

 

But Mr Yunus, who founded Grameen Bank, and economists found these groups were mostly good credit risks, paying back loans fast and often borrowing more to expand.

 

Lending institutions - non-governmental organisations, local co-operatives and banks - found lending to these people was good, repeat business.

 

MFIs helped improve living standards, transforming and empowering marginalised groups, particularly women, in some of the worst slums and ghettoes.

 

By 2006 it was estimated that 90m people were borrowing from MFIs to fund cottage industries.

 

Now funds have been set up to fund the MFIs.

 

There are sceptics. The WMF in Geneva reported that European pension funds worried the industry was too small to make a difference to returns while being expensive and time-consuming to manage.

 

But Mr van der Velden says: "Microfinance institutions are seen as an antidote to loan sharks. They introduce competition to loan sharks, driving down interest rates. It will be an asset class of significance in the years to come. If we wait to invest, by the time it is mainstream, we will have lost most of the opportunity."

 

 

 

Michael Tillman

Columbia Business School

MBA Class of 2011

email:  MTillman11@gsb.columbia.edu

mobile:  646-420-1930

 

Saturday, October 10, 2009

"analog blogger" video on youtube

Here's a New York Times video about the "analog blogger" whom we learned about last week!  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BP_K2kRXz-k

Nicole C. Wong

Life Explorer. Multimedia Storyteller. Experience Architect.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Phone:       347.448.3569  
Email:        newsgirl@gmail.com
Twitter:       @nicolecwong
Website     www.nicolecwong.com

Thursday, October 8, 2009

ICT4D

Use of information and communication technologies for international development is moving to its next phase. This will require new technologies, new approaches to innovation, new intellectual integration, and, above all, a new view of the world's poor.

http://www2.computer.org/portal/web/csdl/doi/10.1109/MC.2008.192

http://ict4dblog.wordpress.com/2009/08/31/ict4d-2-0-where-next-for-icts-and-development/

VisionSpring Featured at Clinton Global Initiative

VisionSpring Conference Spotlight: Commitment Success Featured at 2009 CGI

On September 23rd, VisionSpring was one of three organizations featured during the 2009 Clinton Global Initiative session “Economic Empowerment and Cross-Cutting Approaches.” Chairman and Co-founder Dr. Jordan Kassalow spoke about the pioneering partnership with BRAC that enabled VisionSpring to complete a three-year commitment one year ahead of schedule. After the event, Dr. Kassalow and the head of BRAC, Mr. Fazle Abad, agreed to make a commitment in 2010 to extend the reach of the partnership tenfold, providing over 3 million pairs of high impact reading glasses to those in need and empowering more than 30,000 women to start a business. VisionSpring and BRAC are seeking partners to join in this landmark venture.

Watch Dr. Kassalow Speak at the Clinton Global Initiative <http://cts.vresp.com/c/?VisionSpring/3660feb4fc/2501ac8acf/6e00f90c2b/id=841>

VisionSpring Eyeglasses "Selling Like Hotcakes!" in South AfricaFinal

Last July, VisionSpring launched its first partnership in South Africa, with Women’s Development Business (WDB) Group. Just two months into the pilot, WDB’s pilot group of Vision Entrepreneurs has broken the record for the highest first month of sales in any partnership, and WDB reports that VisionSpring glasses are “selling like hotcakes!” At the close of the first Vision Entrepreneur training, inspired by the arrival of the glasses and a new business opportunity, the women of WDB broke into an impromptu song and dance, caught on video by VisionSpring’s Carrie Magnuson.

To learn more about why the WDB launch has flourished, check out the latest blog post on “Business in a Bag <http://cts.vresp.com/c/VisionSpring/3660feb4fc/2501ac8acf/80e72da31e> .”

Join WDB's celebration by watching this video <http://cts.vresp.com/c/?VisionSpring/3660feb4fc/2501ac8acf/c58cbed8cc>

Wednesday, October 7, 2009

Questions for session 5

Microfinance as distribution networks

We have discussed the necessity to reduce costs in serving BOP customers and the need to sell to a fragmented client base through efficient distribution networks. The idea of partnering with microfinance institutions to distribute goods has come a few times. I therefore thought you would find the attached article from an interesting new Indian business magazine, Outlook, interesting. This is a cover story on microfinance as distribution networks from a July, 2009 issue.

Prof. Bugg-Levine

http://business.outlookindia.com/newolb/article.aspx?240795

Thursday, October 1, 2009

Helpful web sites to prepare the midterm

Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (http://www.gemconsortium.org/)

The Microfinance Association (http://www.microfinanceassociation.org/page.aspx)